Foundation Design
Foundations transfer loads from the structure to the supporting soil. Shallow foundations (footings, mats) are used when soils are strong near the surface. Deep foundations (piles, caissons) are used when surface soils are weak. Footing design involves determining dimensions to satisfy bearing capacity and settlement requirements. Punching shear (two-way shear) and beam shear (one-way shear) must be checked in footings.
Knowledge Check
1.A square footing supports a column load of 800 kN. The allowable bearing pressure is 200 kPa. What is the minimum footing size?
2.What is the difference between a spread footing and a mat foundation?
3.Punching shear (two-way shear) in a footing is checked at a critical perimeter located at a distance of:
4.A pile is classified as a deep foundation because:
5.What is the bearing capacity factor (N_c) for a strip footing on clay (φ = 0)?
6.A 2.5 m × 2.5 m footing supports a load of 1,000 kN. What is the contact pressure?
7.In pile design, the ultimate capacity is determined by:
8.The minimum cover for reinforcement in a footing cast against soil is:
9.What is the allowable settlement typically used for isolated footings?
10.A combined footing is used when: