Structural & Civil
Reference data for structural and civil engineering, including beam formulas, concrete grades, load coefficients, structural materials, and timber dimensions.
This engineering reference collection contains 12 reference resources covering commonly used technical data, standards, formulas, and engineering information.
Structural & Civil References
Browse the available engineering reference resources.
Allowable Deflection Limits
Standard allowable deflection limits (L/240, L/360, etc.) for steel and concrete structural members according to IBC, AISC, and Eurocode standards.
Standard Beam Formulas
Essential structural engineering beam formulas. Quickly find maximum bending moment, shear force, and deflection equations for various load cases.
Minimum Bolt Spacing & Edge Distances
Design requirements for structural steel connections. Standard minimum and maximum bolt spacing, pitch, and edge distance guidelines.
Concrete Strength Grades & Properties
Comprehensive chart of standard concrete grades, characteristic compressive strengths (cylinder vs cube), and typical mix ratios for construction.
Dead Load Densities
Structural engineering reference for dead loads. Unit weight and density table (kg/m3 & lb/ft3) for masonry, timber, concrete, steel, and glass.
Soil Friction Angles & Cohesion
Geotechnical engineering chart for internal friction angle (phi) and cohesion (c) values of various soil types including sand, clay, and gravel.
Rebar Hook & Bend Allowances
Reinforcement detailing guide. Standard pin diameters, minimum bend radii, and extension lengths for 90-degree, 135-degree, and 180-degree rebar hooks.
Soil Classification System (USCS)
Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) breakdown and estimated allowable bearing capacities for shallow foundation design.
Ergonomic Stair Tread & Riser Proportions
Design guidelines for safe stairs. Standard riser heights, tread depths, and the universal stair formula (2R + T) for optimal ergonomics.
Nominal vs Actual Timber Dimensions
Dimensional lumber chart converting nominal sizes (like 2x4, 4x4) to actual dry dimensions in inches and millimeters for structural framing.
Welded Wire Mesh Sizes & Weights
Standard dimensions, wire spacings, cross-sectional areas, and unit weights per square meter for welded wire fabric (mesh) reinforcement.
Wind & Snow Load Coefficients
Reference tables for wind pressure shape coefficients, exposure categories, and basic snow load factors based on roof pitch and geometry.